Warning over new flexi-time rights: Employers talk of resentment among staff as rules allowing all workers to request adaptable hours come into force

原文:

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2674489/Warning-new-flexi-time-rights-Employers-talk-resentment-staff-rules-allowing-workers-request-adaptable-hours-come-force.html

底下這句話看不太懂

"Employers talk of resentment among staff as rules allowing all workers to request adaptable hours come into force."

我的理解:

"Employers talk of resentment among staff "

資方們討論員工的不滿

 "rules allowing all workers to request adaptable hours come into force."

規範將強制允許所有的勞工有彈性工時

但兩段話加上"as"我就一直不知道要怎麼翻譯.

have

原文: http://seattletimes.com/html/businesstechnology/2022091754_amazonfashionxml.html

Many companies are drawn by the opportunity to put their shirts, coats and scarves in front of those millions of Amazon shoppers. But some are hesitant to have their exclusive items sold in a store where consumers can pick up batteries, DVD players and tube socks.

後半段"but"之後我得理解為
"但有些(品牌)對於將他們特有的商品在amazon(可以買到dvd, tube socks,,,等物品的商店)上架持保留態度"

看不太動"have"在這邊的意義
如果是我,可能寫成這樣
But some are hesitant to sell their exclusive items in a store where consumers can pick up batteries, DVD players and tube socks.

refrain of

原文:http://www.stltoday.com/lifestyles/fashion-and-style/debra-bass/campaign-aims-to-make-retail-careers-trendy/article_50d19ffb-64b3-578d-ac15-89b481fb09ff.html

"Retail is detail. I say it all the time,” said Natalie Woods of Project Retail, a consulting firm that helps boutiques analyze sales data to work more efficiently. She, too, knows the refrain of would-be store owners who want to go into “fashion … and they don’t even really know what that means. "

看不懂 refrain of那段.
我猜的意思是
"他聽過不少有意願投入時尚界的人其實根本不懂他們要做的事"

如果意思是我猜得這樣,那可以寫成?
" She, too, knows many would-be store owners who want to go into “fashion … and they don’t even really know what that means. "

would

"The hardest part was conquering my fear of speaking in front of people. At first, I would just go blank because I  was so nervous."

這邊的"would"因該不是當"will"的過去式用,因該是"表示過去的習慣"(類似used to)

不過要注意,"would"用的時機是指"過去常發生",而並非"過去一段時間"

參考:http://blog.cybertranslator.idv.tw/archives/3911
I used to live in Taipei, but I moved to Kaohsiung last year   此時就不能用"would"代替"used to"

you are? you will?

"Please make sure that you're here by 2:00."
這句話中文照我的理解因該是"請確定兩點前你會出現在這裡"
那能否寫
"Please make sure that you will be here by 2:00"
???

Nvidia CEO sees future in cars and gaming

"Nvidia CEO Jen-Hsun Huang didn't want to talk about Surface with CNET as much as the company's new strategy, which he believes will pay off for the chipmaker. The following is an edited transcript of our conversation, which took place Wednesday here at the company's headquarters."

原文:http://www.cnet.com/news/nvidia-ceo-sees-future-in-cars-and-gaming-q-a/


個人猜測這句話意思因該是
"Nvidia CEO 並不想和CNET談論Surface,而是(他認為這間晶片公司有幫助的)未來的策略"

without which

在Cambridge文法書讀到"uint93 關係子句補述用法"時, 
看到了這個句子:
Fortunately we had a map, without which we would have gotten lost. -----------s1

雖然類似的句子s5改成s6,我就是念得很順
"I forgot my passport, without which I cannot board the plane."-----------s5

"I forgot my passport, which I cannot board the plane without." ----------s6

但s1改成s2我就是怎麼念怎麼怪
"Fortunately we had a map, which we would have gotten lost without ." -------s2


首先第一件我要確定的事是
 "without"的用法是否可以如s3這樣用?

 "we would have gotten lost without a map"----------------------s3
結果在網路上找到類似的句子s4
 I'm sure we would have gotten lost without this helpful sign-------------s4

所以因該可以再繼續找其他可以佐證的範例
很幸運的,有人問了幾乎跟我99%一樣的問題
s7是否能寫成s8

Fortunately we got a map, without which we would have gotten lost.----------s7


Fortunately we got a map, which we would have gotten lost without.---------s8

答案是可以,但大家似乎比較喜歡用s7的寫法,所以我這邊的結論就是s1可以寫成s2,但建議寫s1!!!





https://www.flickr.com/photos/79209079@N02/7122269509/

http://www.englishpage.net/showthread.php?1929-need-some-help-with-adjective-clauses

http://www.englishforums.com/English/MeaningOfWithoutWhich/xpjql/post.htm

限定用法,補述用法

在文法書講解限定用法的地方看到以下練習

#1句子組合

"The new stadium will be opened next month.(It can hold 90,000 people.)"

根據answer key, 參考答案為
"The new stadium, which can hold 90,000 people, will be opened next month"
我知道這是類似同位語的補述

但是否在不同的情境下,可以用以下的寫法
"The new stadium which can hold 90,000 people will be opened next month" 
例如有個國家正在申辦奧運,一次蓋了一堆新的體育館,此時我如果希望指名指名是可以裝90000人的那個體育館,而非當同位語補述,是否就可以用"限定用法"???

#2

類似的問題,
"I was looking for a book this morning. I've found it now"
參考答案為
"I've found the book which I was looking for"

但如果此時,我認為大家都知到書不見了,一講找到書大家就知道是那本找到了,那我是否又可以用補述的方式說
"I've found the book, which I was looking for"

would

原文:http://www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_24485523/planning-trip-ask-crowd

為何底下會用would呢 ?

#1
如果是我寫,可能就直接寫
"Katz and his wife sat down  xxxxxxx"

Crowdsourced travel site Gogobot was born out of Travis Katz's nightmarish experience planning trips while living in London. Katz and his wife would sit down in front of the computer to plan a trip "and pretty soon the sun had gone down. Headache, bloodshot eyes, and really not any smarter about where we were going," he said.

#2
如果是我寫,可能就直接寫 "she is nervous"
Haupt cautions that crowdsourcing in a digital community has its limitations, and she would be nervous "to rely on strangers online to give me personalized advice."

Yet even as the effects of

原文:http://www.mnn.com/earth-matters/climate-weather/blogs/climate-refugee-seeks-asylum-in-new-zealand

Yet even as the effects of global warming gnaw at Kiribati's 32 tiny atolls, an early skirmish over the country's predicament — and perhaps that of many coastal communities around the world — is unfolding hundreds of miles away in New Zealand. There, a man from Kiribati is seeking asylum as a climate change "refugee," arguing the encroaching ocean has forced him, his wife and their three children to find a new home on higher ground.

看不懂"Yet even as the effects of "這個寫法,如果是我,可能會寫
 As the effects of global warming gnaw at Kiribati's 32 tiny atolls, an early skirmish over the country's predicament — and perhaps that of many coastal communities around the world — is unfolding hundreds of miles away in New Zealand

I wish...would

在Cambridge文法書中講解 "I wish...would "的部分

常用在形容希望某是發生(但目前沒發生)

例如:

[Sarah現在不在,但我希望她出現]

I wish Sarah would come.(I want her to come)

I wish Sarah were here now.

但確不能用"I wish Sarah would be".

另外看到有個範例
"I wish the baby would stop crying"
此時卻可以用
"I wish the baby would be quiet"

我的問題是為何"I wish Sarah would be here"不能用?
但又為何能用"I wish the baby would be quiet"?

it is always the outliers

原文:http://articles.latimes.com/2013/oct/12/autos/la-fi-adv-hy-self-driving-cars-20131013

The challenge for automakers will be programming cars to navigate complicated and unexpected conditions, Sierhuis said. "It is always the outliers — the very complex traffic situations that are hard to imagine and hard to test — that are difficult," he said.

看得懂大意:
"Sierhuis 認為完整的導航功能和突發狀況的處理是一大挑戰, 他說 "預測這些複雜的交通情形是非常困難的"

但我看不懂"It is always the outliers "在這邊是什麼意思

be concerned with

原文:CAMBRIDGE IELTS 3

"be concerned with" =>與...有關
所以底下的例句可以重組為
"one is concerned with the particular individual  in the analysis of any situation is usually given the name of focal person."

可以解釋成
"和the particular individual 有關的那個人被稱為focal person"
那個 particular individual? =>情境分析中的那個特定individual.
而the particular individual可以被解釋成"受到關注的個體"
所以這句可以解釋成
在做情境分析時,特別受到關注的個體稱為focal person


Any individual in any situation occupies a role in relation to other people. The particular individual with whom one is concerned in the analysis of any situation is usually given the name of focal person. He has the focal role and can be regarded as sitting in the middle of a group of people, with whom he interacts in some way in that situation. This group of people is called his role set. 

oppose的用法

原問題出處:
http://www.ptt.cc/bbs/Eng-Class/M.1395831217.A.E5C.html


Some people ____ the death penalty because they think it is cruel and against

human rights.

A.object to  B. disagree  C.oppose  D.oppose to  E.are opposed to


答案是 A.C.E

想請問各位前輩們 D.oppose to 為什麼不行? 那 E 被動 又要加to?


----------

object to:反對

disagree:為不及物動詞,使用上可能會需要withc或on, 另也需考量句意上是否合理

oppose:為及物動詞,後面可直接加受詞"death penalty",不需要+to,所以oppose to 就不能用,但及物動詞可改寫成形容詞的形式 "被動+to",所以 "are opposed to 就可以使用"

hat

這邊有張圖,根據文中的敘述選出三頂帽子的作者

Theresa因該是C,  Fabric因該是 E,

但Muriel,我就看不懂敘述了
除了可以從"rather like a crown"判斷是"D"外,前面的敘述我真的看不懂,特別是
" but has then gone on to add strips of paper that come out from the base and that meet at the top of the hat"這句


This one here is based on  a circular stairway in an old building in London. It uses three pillbox hats one on top of the other. This was designed by Theresa. 

Here's another one that has a simple strip going round the base of the hat but has then gone on to add strips of paper that come out from the base and that meet at the top of the hat -rather like a crown - making a fairly tall hat . This was made by Muriel.

And lastly there's a combination of the pillbox or single strip around the base and then the conical hat shape on-top to form a castle turret. This was made by Fabric

The SCIENTIFIC Method

原文: http://www.ielts-exam.net/docs/Reading/IELTS_Reading_12_Passage_3.htm

1.
不懂,那段"was arguing in favour of"

‘Hypotheses,’ said Medawar in 1964, ‘are imaginative and inspirational in character’; they are ‘adventures of the mind’. He was arguing in favour of the position taken by Karl Popper in The Logic of Scientific Discovery (1972, 3rd edition) that the nature of scientific method is hypothetico-deductive and not, as is generally believed, inductive."

2.
不清楚那段""out of these sensory data"的意思
在奇摩字典上找到一個有可能的解釋,不知道是不是這個解釋?
"He was learning to carve little dancing figures out of wood .   他學著用木頭雕刻跳舞的小人。"

The myth of scientific method is that it is inductive: that the formulation of scientific theory starts with the basic, raw evidence of the senses - simple, unbiased, unprejudiced observation. Out of these sensory data - commonly referred to as ‘facts’ — generalisations will form.

3.
這段話的結構我不是很明瞭,
裡面出現的"more"和"than"是一組比較級嗎?
所以這段話可以解釋成""
" involving guesses, reworkings, corrections, blind alleys and above all inspiration, in the deductive as well as the hypothetic component" 比閱讀" thesis or published"更加全面

This is much more holistic — involving guesses, reworkings, corrections, blind alleys and above all inspiration, in the deductive as well as the hypothetic component -than is immediately apparent from reading the final thesis or published papers.

there is to it

#
這段話我一直看不太懂,特別是那個"there is to it"

"So, we've looked at various aspects of staff selection this term and I think by now you should all be beginning to see how much more there is to it than just putting applicants through a short interview or asking the 'right' questions."

目前對這段話用猜的理解:

"我們已瞭解徵才的不同面向, 現在各位因該也開始知道徵才不僅僅是面試和問正確的問題"

#

後面那句" you may be backing a loser",是什麼意思?

"(You can also check that they have a lot of experience.., that they've done the sort of tasks that you want them to do in your office already, in a similar environment.) But if they start work and you realise that they just don't get along with everybody else, that... say, they've got sharply contrasting views on how something will work.., well, with the best will in the world, you may be backing a loser."

我只能理解前半段大約是:

"但他開始工作後,你發現他無法和同事好好相處,並和大家意見紛歧"

to

"By 2050, the proportion of children under 15 is predicted to drop in both countries, most noticeably in Yemen where the figure is expected to fall by 13.1%."

類似的問題我常發生,不知道是不是文法上能補強那一塊,這句話我雖然看得懂,但我自己卻寫不出來,每次看到那個"to"就覺得很卡....

如果是我寫,會變成

"By 2050, the proportion of children under 15 is predicted dropping in both countries, most noticeably in Yemen where the figure is expected to fall by 13.1%."

"By 2050, the proportion of children under 15 is predicted that proporition of both countries will drop , most noticeably in Yemen where the figure is expected to fall by 13.1%."

另外一個例子
"Excited moms are eager to have their children come home"
可以寫成像這樣嗎?
"Excited moms are eager about their children coming home"
or
"Excited moms are eager that their children have come home"

falling into

"The pie charts compare the proportions of people falling into three distinct age groups in Yemen and Italy in two different years."

原文:http://ielts-simon.com/ielts-help-and-english-pr/2014/01/ielts-writing-task-1-pie-charts-1.html

這段話我看得出來意思是

"這張圖用來比較葉門和義大利在三種年紀區間的人口比例"

但我可能會寫成

"The pie charts compare the proportions of people in three distinct age groups in Yemen and Italy in two different years."

其實我看不太懂得是" falling into"的用法,有沒有其他和這邊類似的用法?

car safty

1. you had to tell someone when you were due to get to a particular destination. 
大概理解的意思是 "必須告知你認識的人,你打算去的地方"

但不懂"due to"在這的意思,可以把due to拿掉寫成
"you had to tell someone when you were get to a particular destination."

2."it s much safer to get keys out well in advance as you go towards your car"
這句就真的看不懂

原文:

Let’s have a look at the figures here. Well, first of all, it was quite striking that there were often distinct answers from the men and women. It was mainly women, for example, who said one shouldn’t ever stop to find out how to get somewhere. Whereas it was men who said you should try to avoid looking directly at other drivers. Both men and... oh sorry no... it was women who said you had to tell someone when you were due to get to a particular destination. Then, I had thought that it would be mainly men, but both sexes made the point that it s much safer to get keys out well in advance as you go towards your car. Men were very aware that muggers or whatever might be concealed behind the car. They also made the point that you should leave plenty of room when you park your car so you can make a quick getaway if you need to. Finally, locking doors at all times... men didn’t think it was quite as important as women, but both gave it a high safety rating.

less likely to live alone

"Today Americans are actually less likely to live alone than are residents of many other nations, including those we generally regard as more communal."

我一直看不太懂為何"than"後面放了個"are".

這句話如果我寫,我不會放那個"are"